• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2012683A
    申请号:NL2012683
    申请日:2014-04-24
    公开日:2014-10-29
    发明作者:Florian Eder；Karl Edlbauer；Hans-Jürg Preimess；Barbara Gittmaier
    申请人:Alois P Ttinger Maschinenfabrik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Cutting device for a crop processing device.
    The present invention relates to a cutting device for a crop processing device such as a pick-up wagon or baler with at least one knife which projects into a crop channel with a cut, so that the crop to be cut is transportable, the cut being provided with a corrugated cutting surface .
    With different harvesting equipment, such as for example a pick-up truck, baler, forage harvester and the like, the harvesting material, in particular halm and leaf-shaped harvesting material such as, for example, grass or straw, is transported through a harvesting material channel and is thereby cut with one or more knives. provide the knives, which can protrude through slots in a channel wall in the crop channel, with a corrugated cutting surface, in order to have sufficient aggressiveness as the cutting wave or tooth shape develops increasingly obstructing and to still be able to harvest the crop to cut. The wave-running direction usually extends along the cut, so that the speed of the corrugated cutting surface extends with their longitudinal axes approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cut.
    The contour tops and troughs of such a corrugated cutting surface need not here be waves with a sinusoidal course - which of course they can be - but can have different contours, for example with the shape of teeth, heads, platform-like elevations and grooves between them, valleys, bowls or corresponding storeys, so that consecutively corresponding contour peaks and contour valleys are provided in the running direction of the wave. In this case, the contour tips of the shape need not correspond to the contour valleys, which of course may be the case, for example in the form of harmonic round hills and harmonic round valleys, but plateau-shaped elevations with V-shaped valleys or round hills with trapezoidal floors are combined. To that extent, the term corrugated cutting edge must be interpreted broadly in the context of the present publication.
    However, even when such a corrugated cutting surface offers the aforementioned advantages to the blades of a cutting device, some disadvantages also go hand in hand with such a corrugated cutting surface. In particular, with the usually saber-shaped blades of cutting devices of harvesting devices, where the cut of the blades protrudes obliquely upwardly into the transport channel, it leads to increased friction of the crop with the corrugated cutting surface and thus to an increased cutting resistance, which on the one hand a correspondingly higher transport load of the harvested goods conveyor must be overcome and, on the other hand, must be absorbed by a correspondingly more stable design of the cutting device. The said conveyor can be designed, for example, as a transport rotor, which can comprise carrying teeth protruding from a drum, with which the harvested goods are transported through the harvested goods channel in which the knives are arranged. Thereby, the transport resistance increased by the corrugated cutting surface limits or indeed reduces the achievable operating speed with a given transport load.
    Starting from this, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved cutting device of the above-mentioned type which avoids disadvantages of the prior art and advantageously extends the latter further. In particular, an improved knife will be provided for such a cutting device, which achieves the known advantages of a corrugated cutting surface, in particular its stability and permanent cutting action, even with relentless, blunting cut, without this having the typical disadvantages. of such a corrugated cutting surface, in particular the increased transport resistance of the crop with the cut.
    According to the invention, said object is achieved by a cutting device according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
    The design of the corrugated cutting surface is thus no longer oriented in the usual way to the longitudinal course of the cut, but to the conveying direction of the crop. Depending on how the knife or the cut is arranged with respect to the harvest-goods transport direction, the corrugated cutting surface no longer extends parallel to the cut with its wave-running direction, but can therefore be at an acute angle with this.
    According to the invention, the corrugated cutting surface is oriented with its wave direction perpendicular to the conveying direction through the crop channel. As a result, the corrugated troughs and tops of the corrugated cutting surface extend substantially parallel to the conveying direction with their longitudinal direction, so that upon passing the corrugated cutting surface, the harvested material no longer ascends the corrugated crests and slides into the corrugated troughs and thereby slides over the ridges of the corrugated cutting surface have to unroll. Rather, the crop can slide slightly parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wave tops and wave troughs through the corrugated cutting surface. Extending the wave direction perpendicular to the conveying direction need not be exactly perpendicular in mathematical sense, but means a direction substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and may have an angle of about 90 ° +/- 5 ° or also +/- 10 ° containment, whereby with regard to a maximum friction reduction a full exact 90 ° orientation can of course be provided. Due to the orientation of the corrugated cutting surface in the conveying direction with its corrugated cutting surface extending substantially parallel to the conveying direction and the corrugated cutting surface dropping, the cutting resistance relative to conventional corrugated cutting surface knives can be reduced, so that substantially higher harvest goods transport flows are processed with the same transport load and can be driven at a higher speed. It is likewise possible to drive the transport drive with a lower load or correspondingly with a smaller drive in order to save weight.
    The orientation of the at least some knife in the transport channel can in principle be selected differently and be adapted to the relevant cutting requirement or transport channel configuration. In many cases it will be useful if the blade does not extend exactly perpendicularly into the transport channel or - in the case of a curved transport channel with a rotating transport rotor - not exactly radially in the transport channel, but with the longitudinal direction of the cut relative to of the conveying direction through the channel is at an acute angle, in particular such that the knife tilts backwards in the cutting direction. With such an inclined cutting orientation, an advantageous further embodiment according to the invention may have the wave direction of the corrugated cutting surface rotated or curved in the manner of a wave bend, such that the wave troughs and tops with their longitudinal directions relative to each other under a sharp angled or fan-shaped, but each individually arranged parallel to the direction of transport through the crop channel. As a result of the orientation of the knife cut at an acute angle with the conveying direction, and in particular in the case of arcuately curved conveying channel paths and / or curved curved cuts, the effect can occur that at different points of the knife cut the transport goods in different directions on the cut collides. In order to avoid the above-mentioned bulging or transverse cutting, the cutting waves are each oriented to the conveying direction, so that although the wave tops and wave troughs are no longer exactly parallel with respect to each other, each is optimally oriented with respect to the crop to be cut and its conveying direction. to be.
    Said inclination at an acute angle of the blade's cut with respect to the conveying direction can in particular be provided such that, at increasing depth in the harvesting channel, points on the cut seen in the conveying direction are increasingly further back or downstream.
    A foot of the knife or a knife root, which extends barely or just flatly into the transport channel, is seen in the transport direction farther forward than the knife tip or the end of the cut, which extends the deepest into the transport channel. The knife is tilted in the transport channel in the manner of a ramp.
    In particular, the knife may have a sword-like curved cut, whereby a full, sliding cut is obtained, which is adapted to the transport speed in the transport channel. A straight cut can also be applied in the base, but a lighter, feed-friendly cut can be achieved with a saber-like cut. In particular, the saber-shaped curvature can be concave in that case, that is to say that the side facing the crop flow has a concave course. The cut is preferably harmonically curved, in particular kink-free and offset.
    Depending on the arrangement of the knife with respect to the direction of transport of the harvested material, the corrugated cutting surface can be inclined differently relative to the longitudinal direction of the cut. For many applications, it is a good compromise if the corrugated cutting surface is inclined at an acute angle to the rapid axis direction, such that the wave troughs and tops with their longitudinal direction with the rapid axis direction are at an angle of less than 80 °, preferably in an angle of less than 80 °. include the range of 20 ° to 70 °, in particular about 30 ° to 60 °.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings. In the drawing:
    Figure 1: a schematic side view of a pick-up truck that can be coupled to a tractor with a cutting unit according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention,
    Figure 2: a schematic side view of the cutting unit from Figure 1 in a cutting or working position, in which the knives protrude into a harvesting material channel, through which the picked up harvesting material is transported by means of a transport rotor, so that the harvesting material is cut by the cutting blades,
    Figure 3: a partial enlarged view of a knife and its corrugated cutting surface, showing the orientation of the corrugated cutting surface relative to the conveying direction, and
    Figure 4: a schematic representation of a mounting situation of the knife in the transport channel relative to the transport rotor, which shows the orientation of the corrugated cutting surface with respect to the transport rotor and the transport direction obtained thereby.
    As Figure 1 shows, the cutting device for cutting harvested goods can be used on a harvesting machine 1 in the form of, for example, a pick-up wagon, which can be coupled to a tractor 2 and is supported on the ground via a frame. Alternatively, however, the cutting device can also be used in a harvesting machine, for example in the form of a baler for forming and / or compressing harvested goods into bales or a combination of a pick-up wagon and a baler.
    In order to supply harvested goods to a pick-up chamber 30, which can form the loading space of the pick-up wagon or the baling chamber of the baler, the pick-up machine 1 comprises a pick-up and / or transport device 5, which is provisionally arranged for the run-in of the pick-up chamber 30, which may comprise a pickup which is transportable, liftable and lowered over the ground, in order to be able to collect harvested material lying on the ground. Said pickup can in this case comprise a pick-up rotor 6, for example in the form of a pick-up roller, wherein a further transport rotor 7 can be provided following the pick-up rotor 6, so that the harvested material from the ground can be transported further through a harvested channel 8 into the receiving chamber 30 to be able to transport.
    Said transport rotor 7 can herein comprise a plurality of carrier teeth which project outwards from the drum of the transport rotor 7, wherein said carrier teeth can be provided with respect to each other, offset with respect to the direction of rotation, with respect to the direction of rotation, so that the structure of the transport rotor 7 defined by the entraining teeth is rotated in itself. However, other configurations, for example non-twisted arrangements, are also possible.
    Said transport rotor 7 is provided with a cutting unit 9, which can extend substantially over the total working width of the transport rotor 7. Said cutting work 2 may be provided on top and comprise knives 3, which may be provided hanging thereon from the top of the harvesting channel. As shown in FIG. 2, however, the cutting unit 9 can also be provided with an underlying support, so that the knives 3 project from a bottom side of the harvested goods channel 8 into the harvested goods channel 8, see FIG. 3.
    The said knives 3, which are arranged next to each other over the width of the transport rotor 7, extend through a transport channel wall, which forms the bottom of the harvested goods channel 8 below or next to the transport rotor 7 and is provided with slots for the knives 3. through which the blades 3 can extend.
    The knives 3 are herein suspended from a preferably beam-shaped knife carrier 4, which extends transversely over the transport rotor 7 and is itself movably suspended, in order to be able to pivot the cutting unit 9 from the working position protruding into the crop channel 8.
    The knives 3 are suspended movably from the knife carrier 4 so that they protrude between an active cutting position, in which they protrude into the crop channel 8 up to or between the entraining teeth of the transport rotor 7, and a deflection position or inactive non-cutting position, in which they are not or not. only protrude to a significant extent in said crop channel 8, can be moved back and forth.
    As Figure 2 shows, the knife 3 can be designed as a turning knife and have two cuts 23a and 23b, but, as Figure 3 shows, it can also be designed as a single knife with only one cut 23.
    In the working position, the knife 3 with its cut 23 advantageously extends at an acute angle with respect to the conveying direction 34 through the harvested goods channel 8, and advantageously inclined backwards, so that a portion protruding slightly into the harvested goods channel into the seen in the direction of transport - further upstream and a portion projecting deeper into the crop channel 8 is further downstream.
    As Figures 2 and 3 show, the cut 23 is advantageously curved in a saber shape, so that the cut 23 facing the crop is concave and uniformly curved. The slope with respect to the conveying direction 34 can be in the range of approximately 20 ° to 80 °, in particular approximately 30 ° to 60 °, see Figure 4.
    The cut 23 is thereby provided with a corrugated cutting surface 50 or a toothed cutting surface, which comprises wave tops 51 and wave troughs 52 which are strung together in the longitudinal direction of the cut 23. The contour of said wave crests 51 and wave troughs 52, seen here in cross-section or the corresponding wave can in principle be of different design, for example in the form of a sine wave, but can also be another wave contour with rectangular, triangular or rounded amplitude forms or mixed forms thereof include.
    As Figures 3 and 4 show, the wave direction 53 of the corrugated cutting surface 50 is not oriented in a conventional manner parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cut 23, but is substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction 34 through the crop channel 8. The said wave crests accordingly 51 and wave troughs 52 of the corrugated cutting surface 50 each extend approximately parallel to said conveying direction 34 with their longitudinal direction, so that the crop can pass parallel to the flanks of the wave crests and valleys of the corrugated cutting surface 50. As a result, the cut material does not have to overcome several cutting surface hills, so that the friction is reduced, which makes a lower transport load possible or, if the transport load remains the same, leads to an increased throughput, i.e. it is possible to use a device that is further unchanged from the blades. be worked faster or driven faster.
    Said transport direction 34 can thereby be determined by the circulation direction of the conveyor rotor 7 and / or by the bottom of the crop channel 8, wherein said transport direction 34 in a further embodiment according to the invention is at least approximately with the circulation or circulation direction of the transport rotor 7. In this case it is more advantageous if the corrugated cutting surface 50 extends radially with its wave direction, or the slots of the corrugated cutting surface 50 extend tangentially with their slit length direction to the circulating or circulating direction of the transport rotor 7.
    If the knife 3 with its cut 23 is provided inclined or inclined at an acute angle, as shown in Figure 4, the corrugated cutting surface 50 may be inclined in accordance with a wave arc, that is to say that the slots or wave crests and troughs not all extend exactly parallel to each other, but are slightly rotated from slot to slot with respect to each other, so that an increasing slope or rotation of the slot length direction occurs along the cut 23, see Figure 3. With respect to the preceding edge of the point in question conveying direction - which does not have the same direction for every point of the cut 23 due to the curved conveying channel course, however, gives this a substantially parallel orientation of the groove in question.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    Cutting device for a crop processing device such as a pick-up wagon or a baler, with at least one knife (3) protruding with a cut (23) into a harvesting goods channel (8), through which the harvesting goods to be cut can be transported, the cut (23) is provided with a corrugated cutting surface (50), characterized in that the corrugated cutting surface (50) is oriented with its wave direction (53) perpendicular to the conveying direction (34) through the crop channel (8).
    [2]
    Cutting device according to the preceding claim, wherein the cut (23) of the knife (3) protrudes through the harvesting channel (8) at an acute angle into the harvesting channel (8) with respect to the conveying direction (34), the wave direction (53) has a rotation in the manner of a wave bend, such that the wave troughs (52) and tops (51) with their longitudinal directions are at an acute angle with respect to each other and / or are rotated fan-like, of the conveying direction (34) through the crop channel (8) are however each oriented in parallel.
    [3]
    3. Cutting device as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the cut (23) of the knife (3) has a saberous curved, in particular concave, course.
    [4]
    Cutting device as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the corrugated cutting surface (50) is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the rapid longitudinal direction, such that the wave crests (51) and troughs (52) with their longitudinal direction an angle of less than 80 °, preferably in the range of 20 ° to 70 °, in particular of 30 ° to 65 °, with respect to the rapid longitudinal direction.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3004888A1|2014-10-31|
    NL2012683B1|2016-07-18|
    FR3004888B1|2017-10-13|
    DE102013007302A1|2014-10-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3719856A1|1987-06-13|1988-12-29|Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag|Large-bale press|
    DE9105451U1|1991-05-02|1992-09-03|Karl Mengele & Soehne Maschinenfabrik Und Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co, 8870 Guenzburg, De|
    EP0689760A1|1994-06-30|1996-01-03|CLAAS OHG beschränkt haftende offene Handelsgesellschaft|Cutter for agricultural harvesters|
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    DE19706429C1|1997-02-19|1998-04-16|Fortschritt Erntemaschinen|Crop cutter for agricultural harvesting machines|
    US6912835B1|2004-06-25|2005-07-05|Deere & Company|Knife selecting arrangement of crop cutting device for use with agricultural machines having a pick-up|
    US7398727B2|2006-02-09|2008-07-15|Interform, Inc.|Twine cutting knife for square baler apparatus|
    DE102008019086A1|2008-04-15|2009-10-29|Deere & Company, Moline|Cutting unit for a semi-circular agricultural crop with a mechanism for selecting the cut length|AT523011A1|2019-10-08|2021-04-15|Gebrueder Busatis Ges M B H|Blade assembly for agricultural machinery|
    CN113099861A|2021-04-12|2021-07-13|李佳鑫|Straw recycling device and method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102013007302.2A|DE102013007302A1|2013-04-26|2013-04-26|Cutting unit for a crop processing machine|
    DE102013007302|2013-04-26|
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